続：国務省年次報告に見るアメリカの裏切り

　国務省のサイトで4月30日リリースの年次報告を読んできました。
　かなり膨大なのでその中の第三章－テロ支援国家のテロ支援国家の概要、北朝鮮に関する記述、これと昨年出された年次報告の第六章－テロ支援国家の同記述を比較することにします。

テロ支援国家の概要の変化
2005年版
Chapter 6 -- State Sponsors of Terror Overview
Libya and Sudan continued to take significant steps to cooperate in the global war on terror. Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Syria, however, continued to maintain their ties to terrorist groups. Iran and Syria routinely provide unique safe haven, substantial resources and guidance to terrorist organizations. State sponsors of terrorism provide critical support to non-state terrorist groups. Without state sponsors, terrorist groups would have much more difficulty obtaining the funds, weapons, materials, and secure areas they require to plan and conduct operations. Most worrisome is that some of these countries also have the capability to manufacture WMD and other destabilizing technologies that can get into the hands of terrorists. The United States will continue to insist that these countries end the support they give to terrorist groups.

2006年版
Chapter 3 -- State Sponsors of Terrorism Overview
State sponsors of terrorism provide critical support to non-state terrorist groups. Without state sponsors, terrorist groups would have much more difficulty obtaining the funds, weapons, materials, and secure areas they require to plan and conduct operations. Most worrisome is that some of these countries also have the capability to manufacture weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and other destabilizing technologies that could get into the hands of terrorists. The United States will continue to insist that these countries end the support they give to terrorist groups. As a result of the historic decisions taken by Libya's leadership in 2003 to renounce terrorism and to abandon its WMD programs, the United States rescinded Libya's designation as a state sponsors of terrorism on June 30. Since pledging to renounce terrorism in 2003, Libya has cooperated closely with the United States and the international community on counterterrorism efforts. Sudan continued to take significant steps to cooperate in the War on Terror. Cuba, Iran, and Syria, however, have not renounced terrorism or made efforts to act against Foreign Terrorist Organizations. Iran and Syria routinely provided safe haven, substantial resources, and guidance to terrorist organizations. Venezuela was certified by the Secretary of State as "not fully cooperating" with U.S. counterterrorism efforts. The designation, included in Section 40A of the Arms Export Control Act, was based on a review of Venezuela's overall efforts to fight terrorism. Effective October 1, the decision imposed sanctions on all commercial arms sales and transfers. It remains in effect until September 30, 2007, when it may be renewed by a determination by the Secretary.
(Venezuela is the only nation certified as "not fully cooperating" that is not a state sponsor of terrorism.)

　2005年版には"Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Syria, however, continued to maintain their ties to terrorist groups."、日本語訳すれば"しかしながら（前節でリビアとスーダンが国際テロ組織との関わりを断ちつつあると書いたことに対して）キューバ、イラン、北朝鮮、シリアはテログループとの関係を継続し続けた。"と書かれているのが、2006年版では引き続きＷＭＤ（大量破壊兵器）拡散の懸念には言及しながらも、何故か北朝鮮に関する記述はまったくなくなっており、そして代わりに庭先の急進的反米国家ベネズェラが登場してきている。

　次いで北朝鮮に関する記述の変化ですが、2005年版では
North Korea
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) is not known to have sponsored any terrorist acts since the bombing of a Korean Airlines flight in 1987. Pyongyang in 2003 allowed the return to Japan of five surviving abductees, and in 2004 of eight family members, mostly children, of those abductees. Questions about the fate of other abductees remain the subject of ongoing negotiations between Japan and the DPRK. In November, the DPRK returned to Japan what it identified as the remains of two Japanese abductees, whom the North had reported as having died in North Korea. The issue remained contentious at year's end. There are also credible reports that other nationals were abducted from locations abroad. The ROK government estimates that approximately 485 civilians were abducted or detained since the 1950-53 Korean War. Four Japanese Red Army members remain in the DPRK following their involvement in a jet hijacking in 1970; five of their family members returned to Japan in 2004.

と冒頭から1987年の大韓航空機爆破事件を例に引きながら北朝鮮がテロ支援国家であることを明示し、1970年日本赤軍によるよど号ハイジャック犯をかくまっていることまで持ち出し、拉致問題に関しても我が国のケースのみならず韓国民の拉致にまで言及しています。

　しかしながら2006年版は、既に文章の短さが歴然としているし

North Korea
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) was not known to have sponsored any terrorist acts since the bombing of a Korean Airlines flight in 1987. The DPRK continued to harbor four Japanese Red Army members who participated in a jet hijacking in 1970. The Japanese government continued to seek a full accounting of the fate of the 12 Japanese nationals believed to have been abducted by DPRK state entities;five such abductees have been repatriated to Japan since 2002. In the February 13, 2007 Initial Actions Agreement, the United States agreed to "begin the process of removing the designation of the DPRK as a state-sponsor of terrorism."

　と、型通りに大韓航空機爆破にも日本赤軍にも触れてはいますが、拉致問題に関する記述はやはり大きく変化し、"日本政府は、北朝鮮によって拉致されたと思われる残りの拉致被害者12人の安否情報の完全な報告を求め続けた。"という程度にとどめられています。

　そしてここでなにより注目すべきは引用部末尾の

In the February 13, 2007 Initial Actions Agreement, the United States agreed to "begin the process of removing the designation of the DPRK as a state-sponsor of terrorism."

という行で、和訳すると"2.13合意の初期段階の行動合意の中でアメリカ合衆国はテロ支援国家リストから北朝鮮を外すことに合意した。"とあることです。

　そうした非公式合意が米朝間にあることは既に知られていることではありますが、いわゆる６カ国協議の「60-Day Assessment」として公式に発表されている合意内容にはこれはない。
しかしながらアメリカの政府内とはいえ公式文書にはこういう記述があり、アメリカが公式そして非公式に日本政府関係者に「拉致解決の前進」の定義を明確にすることを求めてきていること、そしてアメリカの公式文書の中からすら拉致消されつつあることとは無縁ではないですね。

参考資料
North Korea's 60-Day Assessment
On February 13, the United States, China, Japan, Russia, the ROK, and the DPRK agreed on a set of Initial Actions to achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and fully realize the September 2005 Joint Statement.
As agreed in the Feb. 13 statement, the parties convened five working groups to address denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, economic and energy cooperation, Northeast Asia peace and security, U.S.-DPRK relations, and Japan-DPRK relations.
The DPRK invited in IAEA Director-General ElBaradei for initial discussions relating to the monitoring and verification of the shutdown and sealing of the nuclear facilities at its Yongbyon complex.
In addition, the U.S. carried out its promise to finalize its action with respect to Banco Delta Asia.
While a variety of technical issues delayed the unblocking of BDA funds to account holders, as of April 10, all North Korea-related accounts that had been blocked at Banco Delta Asia (BDA) were un-blocked, thus conclusively resolving the issue.
It remains for the DPRK to realize fully its commitments under the February 13 agreement by inviting back the IAEA immediately to begin shutting and sealing the Yongbyon nuclear facility.
This would enable the other parties to follow through with the provision of emergency energy assistance equivalent to 50,000 tons of heavy fuel oil (HFO) and move the Six-Party process forward to the next phase of implementing the September 2005 Joint Statement.
We, along with all our other Six-Party partners, remain firmly committed to prompt completion of the initial action plan and to achieving the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula through the implementation of the Joint Statement.
We will continue to consult closely with all parties to consider next steps.
We have taken note of the DPRK's April 13 statement reaffirming that the DPRK "remains unchanged in its will to implement the February 13 agreement" and will "move" when the BDA resolution "is proved to be a reality." It is time now for the DPRK to make its move so that all of us can move forward.


関連過去記事
安倍訪米を控えてアメリカが展開する拉致問題放擲キャンペーン 
共同記者会見における対北スタンスの微妙な差
ＢＤＡそしてDaedong Credit Bank
国務省年次報告に見るアメリカの裏切り 

（07/05/01　23:00 加筆再掲）